Penalty is the suffering that is inflicted by the State for the transgression of law. Three Folds Purpose of Penalty under RPC: 1. Retribution or expiatation 2. Correction or reformation 3. Social defense Penalties that may be imposed and retroactive effect of penal laws No felony shall be punished by any penalty not prescribed by law prior to its commission. Retroactive Effect General Rule: Penal laws are applied Prospectively Exception: When prospective application is favorable to the accused, provided that: 1. The offender is not a habitual delinquent; 2. The new or amendatory law does not provide against its retrospective application. No Retroactive Effect even when Favorable to the Accused If the new law is expressly made inapplicable to pending actions or existing causes of actions. Classifications of Penalties ...