Skip to main content

Penalties

 
  Penalty is the suffering that is inflicted by the State for  the transgression of law.

Three Folds Purpose of Penalty under RPC:
1. Retribution or expiatation
2. Correction or reformation
3. Social defense

Penalties that may be imposed and retroactive effect of penal laws
     No felony shall be punished by any penalty not prescribed by law prior to its commission.

Retroactive Effect
     General Rule:
     Penal laws are applied Prospectively
     Exception:
     When prospective application is favorable to the accused, provided that:
1. The offender is not a habitual delinquent;
2. The new or amendatory law does not provide against its retrospective application.

No Retroactive Effect even when Favorable to the Accused
     If the new law is expressly made inapplicable to pending actions or existing causes of actions.

Classifications of Penalties
     Gravity                                          Penalty                                        Duration
1. Capital Punishment                      DEATH

2. Afflictive  Penalties           a. Reclusion Perpetua                         20  years and 1 day to 40 years

                                               b. Reclusion Temporal                        12 years and 1 day to 20 years

                                               c. Perpetual or Temporary                   6 years and 1 day to 12 years,
                                               absolute disqualification/              except when DQ is accessory penalty
                                               Prision Mayor                                in which case its duration is that of
                                                                                                      the principal penalty.

3. Correctional Penalties        a. Prision Correcional                         6 months and 1day to 6 years
                                                b. Suspension                               (a, b, c)
                                                c. Destierro
                                                d. Arresto Mayor                                1 month and 1 day to 6 months

4. Light Penalties                    a. Arresto Menor                                1 day to 30 days
                                                b. Public Censure

Destierro
     Any person sentenced with destierro shall not be permitted to enter the place designated in the sentence, nor within the radius which shall be not more than 250 km and not less than 25km from such place.

     Imposed in cases of:
1. Serious physical injuries or death under exceptional circumstances.
2. In case of failure to give bond for good behavior.
3. As a penalty for the concubine in concubinage.
4. In cases where after reducing the penalty by one or more degrees, destierro is the proper penalty.

Civil Interdiction
     It is the legal restraint upon a person incapable of managing his estate, from signing of any deed or doing any act to his own prejudice, without consent of his curator or interdictor.
1. Deprivation of the rights of parental authority or guardianship of any ward.
2. Deprivation of  marital authority.
3. Deprivation of the right to manage his property and of the right to dispose of such property by an act of ay conveyance inter vivos.
( But he can dispose of such property by will or donation mortis causa)
4. Imposed when the penalty is:
     a. Reclusion Perpetua
     b. Reclusion Temporal

Labels

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Complex Crimes and Special Complex Crimes

What is a Complex Crime?      Under Article 48 of  the Revised Penal Code, complex crimes, although two or more crimes are actually committed, they constitute only one crime in the eyes of the law as well as  in the conscience of the offender. Two kinds of Complex Crimes I. Compound Crime      A single act constitutes two or more grave or less grave felonies.      Requisites:      1. Only a single act is performed; and      2. Single act produces:            a. Two or more grave felonies;            b. One or more grave and one or more less grave felonies; or            c. Two or more less grave felonies. II. Complex Crime Proper      An offense is a necessary means for committing the other. The first offense must be consumated. All the offense are punishable under the same statute. ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Offenses While on a Philippine Ship or Airship

     Requisites: 1. Crime is committed on board a  private or merchant ship; 2. The ship or airship must be registered under Philippine Law; and 3. The crime must be committed while the registered Philippine ship is on international wateres. The Revised Penal Code  applies when such Philippine vessel is found within:      1. Philippine waters; or      2. The high seas. Foreign Merchant Vessels      1. The French Rule      General Rule:      Crimes committed aboard a vessel within the territorial waters of another country are not triable in the courts of that country.       Exception:      If the commission affects the peace and security of the territory or when the safety of the state is endangered.      2. English Rule      General Rule:      Crimes committed aboard a vessel within the territor...
Post a Comment
Read more

RULES ON ACCESSION (BUILDERS/PLANTERS/SOWERS)

In the Civil Code of the Philippines or Republic Act No. 386, there are provisions which govern the laws on property, this chapter discusses about ACCESSION which contains the provision of Builder/Planter/Sower (Article 440 to Article 475). In Accession (Article 440) , it states that, “The ownership of property gives the right by accession to everything which is produced thereby, or which is incorporated or attached thereto, either naturally or artificially.” Also, in Article 445 , “Whatever is built, planted or sown on the land of another, and the improvements or repairs made thereon, belong to the owner of the land, subject to the provisions of the following articles.”. Article 446 states that, “All works, sowing, and planting are presumed made by the owner and at his expense , unless the contrary is proved .” Article 441. To the owner belongs: (1) The natural fruits - Natural fruits are the spontaneous products of the soil, and the young and other products of animals. ...
Post a Comment
Read more